Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East by William R. Polk

Ghulam Ali & Sons, 1959, in which Iqbal responds to Ayub Khan's proposals in the above. See also Javid Iqbal, The Ideology of Pakistan and Its Implementation, Lahore, Sh. Muhammad Ayub Khan, Friends Not Masters, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1967, p. Fyzee, “The Essence of Islam,” in Douglas Grant ed., The Islamic Near East, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1960. Ziya-ul-Hasan Faruqi, The Deoband School and the Demand for Pakistan, Bombay Asia Publishing House, 1963. Abid Husayn, Destiny of Indian Muslims, Bombay, Asia Publishing House, 1965. Polk eds., Studies of Civilization of Islam, Boston, Beacon Press, 1962. Gibb, “Structure of Religious Thought,” in Stanford J. Fazlur Rahman, Islam, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1966. Watt, Islam and the Integration of Society, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1961. Smith, Islam in Modern History, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1957. Binder, Religion and Politics in Pakistan, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1961. Binder analyzes, in The Ideological Revolution in the Middle East (New York, John Wiley, 1964), the basic trends in the political dynamics of the Arab World in the 1950's, by combining “romantic-Islamic” with “radical-reform.”. Holt eds., Historians of the Middle East (London, Oxford University Press, 1962), Part II, which is the result of a series of study conferences at the School of Oriental and African Studies of London University held in 1956–1958: this discusses the nature of approaches of the Western scholars towards Islamic history. He analyzed the methods and viewpoints of five outstanding scholars of Western Islamic studies, including I. Jean-Jacques Waardenburg's L'Islam dans le miroir de l'Occident, comment quelques orientalistes occidentaux se sont penchés sur l'Islam et se sont formé une image de cette religion (The Hague, Mouton & Co., 1963) is noteworthy. Polk, The United States and the Arab World(Cambridge, Harvard, 1969).

Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East by William R. Polk